Probability Theory

Explore the evolution of derivatives from ancient roots of risk management to modern financial tools, including options, futures, swaps, and more.

Actuarial science has been the backbone of insurance since its inception, providing a mathematical framework to predict risks and calculate premiums.

Learn about Bayesian probability and its applications in statistics, economics, and decision-making under uncertainty.

Abraham de Moivre's breakthrough in probability theory introduced the normal distribution, revolutionizing data analysis with a mathematical framework.

Learn about the emergence of statistical certainty in 17th century mathematics with Jacob Bernoulli's groundbreaking Law of Large Numbers.

Learn about the crucial development of actuarial mathematics that led to modern life insurance, exploring its history, key figures, and impact on society.