Prehistory

The pre-World War I era saw optimism about peace fueled by technological innovation and economic growth, but was shattered by the devastating consequences of large-scale war.

This study explores how a racial hierarchy was constructed through Social Darwinism, eugenics, and anthropology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, influencing societal attitudes toward racial differences.

The decline of British aristocracy, marked by the fall of Stowe House, is a symbol of changing economic powers during the mid-19th century.

Explore the evolution of insurance from 14th-century Italy to its impact on modern commerce, discussing key figures, mechanisms, and processes that shaped this crucial aspect of business.

The origins of insurance are rooted in human societies' need to cope with uncertainty, from early agricultural communities developing resource hoarding and communal sharing strategies to modern-day collective security.

Explore Florence's innovative public finance system where households and wealthy individuals contributed to financing the public debt in 14th-century Italy.

Explore the history of money's origin from clay tokens in ancient Mesopotamia to metal-based currencies.

Exploring the evolution of coins from ancient civilizations to modern times, highlighting key milestones, mechanisms, and processes that shaped their use.

Explore the lives of hunter-gatherer societies, their unique economic systems, and social structures that emerged before agriculture and settled economies.

The Nukak-Makú's encounter with modern society in 2015 highlights complex relationships between indigenous populations, states, and economies, emphasizing the need to recognize and respect indigenous rights to maintain autonomy and self-governance.