Global Trade

Examine how British overseas investment fueled the rise of imperial power in the late 19th century through investments in colonial securities, informal influence, and control over foreign markets.

Discover how Victorian globalization's promise went unfulfilled in most of Asia due to limited access to markets, lack of infrastructure, and resistance from local populations, shaping the legacy of colonial exploitation between Asia and the West.

Explore the development and impact of the joint-stock company on global economies, from its emergence in 17th century Europe to its influence on modern financial markets.

Explore the history of the Dutch East India Company and its impact on global trade and commerce, from its rise to its fall in the 17th-18th centuries.

Learn about the Dutch East India Company's early struggles and successes in establishing a global trading empire in 17th century Asia.

Explore the evolution of Spanish financial systems from 16th century to 17th century, highlighting the country's struggles with debt defaults, foreign loans, and its impact on global trade and finance.