Banking System

The evolution of finance in the United States is shaped by legislative decisions and economic conditions, from free banking to central banks.

Explore how the late 19th and early 20th centuries saw a shift towards central banking and deposit concentration in most advanced economies.

Explore the history of financial development and its complex relationship with industrial growth in 17th century Europe.

Explore the evolution of Spanish financial systems from 16th century to 17th century, highlighting the country's struggles with debt defaults, foreign loans, and its impact on global trade and finance.

Explore the evolution of monetary theory from traditional gold standards to modern fiat currency regimes and understand how innovations like fractional reserve banking and central bank control have shaped the global economy.

The Medici banking empire rose to power in 15th-century Italy through innovative use of bills of exchange, a system that allowed merchants to transfer value without physical currency.