Social History

Microfinance Revolution led by Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank empowering rural women with small loans and innovative credit systems.

This study explores how a racial hierarchy was constructed through Social Darwinism, eugenics, and anthropology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, influencing societal attitudes toward racial differences.

Explore the complexities of class conflict through Diego Rivera's mural in the Detroit Institute of Arts, reflecting the tensions between workers and management at River Rouge.

The decline of British aristocracy, marked by the fall of Stowe House, is a symbol of changing economic powers during the mid-19th century.

Explore the economic decline of British landowners in Victorian Britain due to changes in global grain production, transportation costs, and trade policies, leading to a mortgage crisis.

Explore the history of home ownership, from exclusive privilege to common aspiration, influenced by property rights, electoral reforms, and social hierarchies.

Explore how property-owning democracies have spread globally, driven by economic growth, urbanization, and financial liberalization.

Explore the history of the real estate market, from feudalism to neoliberal policies, shaping property ownership, urbanization, and government intervention.

Pension Reforms in Chile from 1979-1981 introduced a private pension system allowing workers to opt out of state pensions and contribute to individual accounts managed by private companies.

Japan's post-war welfare state achieved remarkable success through effective government policies, strong public-private partnerships, and investments in human capital, providing security for all while driving economic growth.

The evolution of Japan's welfare state from a garrison state to a comprehensive social security system driven by internal dynamics and external pressures.

Explore Japan's shift towards universal welfare after World War II, driven by government-led social reform and a recognition that private insurance markets were inadequate.

Explore the evolution of social welfare from charity to state insurance, understanding key figures, mechanisms, and processes that shaped modern welfare states.

Explore the harsh living conditions and labor practices in 18th-century English workhouses, examining the impact of Poor Laws on the poor population.

Explore how Britain's stable environment led to an obsession with insurance, from maritime trade to actuarial science.

Discover how Scottish clergymen Alexander Webster and Robert Wallace pioneered life insurance in Scotland, influenced by Enlightenment and Calvinist Reformation.

Explore the life expectancy and mortality in 18th century Scotland where Edinburgh's poor hygiene and Highland invasions made life precarious for its inhabitants.

The origins of insurance are rooted in human societies' need to cope with uncertainty, from early agricultural communities developing resource hoarding and communal sharing strategies to modern-day collective security.

The devastating impact of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans, exposing deep-seated social and economic issues.

Explore the historical phenomenon of rentiers in 19th-century Europe who accumulated wealth through government bonds.